Size of the glass gob:
Since the basic shape of a marble is a sphere, let’s use the radius (r) as a basic unit of measure. Thus the larger the gob the larger the radius.
A molten gob of glass is a fluid and has surface tension. It is surface tension that is basically trying to pull the gob into a sphere.
Years ago, this law of physics was implemented in creating lead shot. Look up shot tower. Additionally, this is how dippin dots are made. Yum!
The formula that concerns us is:
As the radius increases the impact of surface tension is reduced. In other words, the surface tension is 2x stronger with a 3/8” diameter gob than a 3/4” diameter gob. The surface tension is 4x stronger with a 3/8” diameter gob than a 1-1/2” diameter gob.
What this means, is that a larger gob of glass will collapse or flatten under gravity than a smaller gob. You can replicate this water droplets.
So, imagine a large glass gob landing on a pitted roller. Initially, it will overcome surface tension and collapse and conform to the “volume” of the groove. If the groove surfaces are smooth, then you have a chance at a nice marble surface. If the forming surfaces are pitted, then the glass will be impressed with that profile. Once set, it stays.